The present case report describes concurrent proptosis and panopthalitis in a dog and its successful management with parenteral homeopathic hepar sulph and calcarea sulph complex as potent anti-inflammatory and antibiotic properties

The present case report describes haemagalactia in a lactating cow and its successful management with parenteral homeopathic medicate Ipecacuanha 200x at the dose rate of 10 pills for 5 days.

The combination of homeopathic drugs (Thuja occidentalis 30 and Nitricum acidum 30) was found to be very effective in the treatment of studied canine oral papillomatosis (COP) case. The complete regression of papilloma lesions was observed in fifteen days after the end of three weeks treatment. Further, no adverse effect was observed during the course and after the treatment. No recurrence of papilloma was observed during the follow-up period of twelve months in treated dog. It proves that these combinations Thuja occidentalis 30 and Nitricum acidum 30 could be used as a potential non-invasive method for the successful treatment of COP which would be alternate to surgical removal or using toxic drugs like vincristine. However, the definitive conclusions could not be established due to the limited number of observations and lack of control group.

This review is based on how the Brazilian elders behave upon their positive serology for Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS), how they manage to live with it, life risks, how they acquired the syndrome and more. In the research, it was possible to identify several elders’ habits that directly or indirectly interferes in their life with the disease, such as prevention, different sex practices, lack of use of condoms and how it relates with low education, performing bigger contamination risks among the population. Also, it has been analyzed aspects such as how their friends and relatives behave upon their serology and how previous comorbidities interfere in their health condition.

Shokhta /Moharraq are Unani pharmaceutical process, in this process the animal drug Carbonized. Physicochemical test were applied upon these drug the outcomes are based on following parameters; Sartan Sokhta: Carbonized value 71.43% , Maximum temperature 1000 0C, Water soluble matter 3.2%, Alcohol soluble matter 1.37%, pH 1% and 10% 9.55, 9.22, Atomic absorption Spectroscopic Analysis (AAS) Results in ppm, Cd=Nil, Hg=Nil, As=Nil, Pb=0.042, Ca=0.016, Mg=0.031, Co=0.043, Zn=0.005. Inorganic elements use as a micronutrient in health.

The aim is this study is to determine the prevalence of Rh c and Du phenotype among pregnant women attending antenatal clinic (ANC) in Bowen University Teaching Hospital Ogbomoso. The prevalence and distribution of Rh C and Du phenotype was determined using 50 blood samples of 50 different pregnant women consecutively recruited pregnant women aged 18-40 years. Samples were tested for Rh C and Du phenotype using the conventional tube agglutination method using Rapid Laboratories (UK) anti C and Du antisera. Out of 50 samples studied, the prevalence of Rh C was 28% (positivity) while Rh Du was 92% (positivity). The prevalence of Rhesus Du antigens was higher in Ogbomoso since 46 out of 50 samples (92%) tested positive for Rhesus Du antigens. In addition, a 28% prevalence (positivity) obtained does not postulate that Rhesus C antigen distribution in pregnant women in Ogbomoso is low. We recommend that all pregnant women in the area be screened for the presence of clinically significant red cell antigens including Rh C and Du blood group antigens on their first antenatal visit.

Sickle cell disease is a chronic haemolytic disorder that is marked by tendency of hemoglobin molecules within red blood cell to polymerise and deform the red cell into a sickle (or crescent) shape resulting in characteristic vaso-occlusive events and accelerated heamolysis leading to sickle cell anemia. The aim of this study is to assess the anthropometric determinants of children living with sickle cell disease at Murtala Muhammad Specialist Hospital, Kano State. Anthropometric variables such as Height, Weight, Head circumference, mid upper arm circumference, thigh circumference were measured. Data was analyzed using statistical package for social sciences (SPSS), version 22. P<0.05 was set as level of significant. The findings of this study indicate that there is no relationship between anthropometric variables, BMI%, and sickle cell disease. It was observed that there was no significant relationship between Number of crises per year and BMI, and place of residence. There was no significant relationship between Number of crises per year and sex, no significance difference in the anthropometric parameters between, sickle cell patients and normal participants are found.

Ayurveda aims to improve the heath of the healthy individuals and treats the diseased person as well, for both aims to be achieved it is described prescriptions through eight branches. Vajikarana is the branch which deals with strengthening and preserving sexual competency of a healthy man and conception of healthy offspring along with management male sexual health problems. Due to modern lifestyle the persons are prone to get multiple sexual issues and loosing mental health. Ayurveda described three pillars namely ahara (Food), nidra(Sleep) and abrahmacharya(Way of life) which improves the comprehensive health including sexual health. In this present article nutrional aspects of Vajikarana are dealt by interpreting Ayurveda as well as contemporary science.

The arches of the feet are important in protecting the internal structures of the body from impact forces while it mainly helps in transferring the internal forces to the ground and are also involved in lifting the body weight and mainly shock absorption With respect to the medial longitudinal arch some prominent deformities can be observed - high arch i.e., Cavus foot and low arch i.e., flat foot also known as Pes planus. The deformities are responsible for inefficient transmission of forces leading to foot diseases. The aim of this research project is to assess the planter arch index and flat foot among the adolescent residents in Dawakin kudu local government area, Kano. This is useful in creating awareness about the plantar arch deformities and the cause for the deformity. The parameters used in measuring the plantar arch height are Staheli’s plantar arch index and arch angle. The study design was cross-sectional study and a Sample size of 457 participants from Dawakin kudu local government area, Kano. Was selected comprising of 204 males and 253 females, aged between 10- 19 years. Informed consent from the participants and ethical clearance from our institute was obtained. Printing Nigerian ink was applied on the soles of both the feet of each pareticipants and dynamic footprints were obtained on A4 size papers. Analysis of the results was done. Flat foot was determined using Staheli plantar index (PI) and values ≥ 1.15 were considered flat footed. The result of the present study showed that 267 (58.4%) population were flat footed and 190 (41.6%) population were normal footed. The correlation between age, BMI, Right and Left Footprint Parameters, was observed that there was no significant relationship between all the variable except for Right with left Planter Arch Index were significant relationship was reported between them at (P <0,05). Students’ two samples – t - test was carried out to determine sexual dimorphism it was showed the significant difference between Male and Female Footprint Parameters in RPAI only with Males having higher mean value in RPAI and females having higher mean value in LPAI. This research project it may serve as an early warning sign of structural and functional defects of the foot in a young population and can provide help for making appropriate footwear for persons with pesplanus. Also the present study suggests that simple ink print method is a cost effective and easier way of diagnosing flat feet deformity clinically using PAI.

There are incidences of gluteal and shoulder region injuries due to injections and information about the frequencies of these incidences are not properly documented. Hence the aim of this research is to assess the incidence of intramuscular injection injuries on gluteal and shoulder regions of patients attending Murtala Muhammad specialist hospital Kano.Two hundred (200) patients both male and female were selected from Murtala Muhammad specialist Hospital, kano. Whose medication was through intramuscular injection, using cross sectional technique. the age range of the participants was 0-1yrs, 1-5yrs, 6-10yrs, 11-15yrs, 16-20yrs, 20yrs and above. A research pro-forma was used to collect the relevant data, including demographic and clinical variables of the participants.The data were expressed as frequency and percentage, and pearson correlation was used to determine relationship between variables. The result of this study showed that (38) patients were affected with the incidence of intramuscular injection injuries on gluteal and shoulder region of patients attending murtala Muhammad specialist hospital, kano. With 20 male patients and 18 female patients. And the most common incidence observed in this study was inflammation with 31 affected patients and injection abscess with 7 affected patients. It was observed that there is no significant relationship between sex and effect and also sex and indication of injection injury. In conclusion, profer administration technique should always be used when administering intramuscular injections, locating the safe land marks in both shoulder and gluteal region should be implemented as well.

At the beginning of the 21st century it was established that all drugs have osmotic activity, the value of which increases with increasing their concentration in solutions. It was found that modern high-quality antibiotic solutions have different concentrations of antibiotics, so these solutions have different osmotic activity. It is shown that solutions of beta-lactam antibiotics as well as solutions of glucose at a concentration of less or more than 5% are hypotonic or hypertonic, respectively. Solutions containing a beta-lactam antibiotic at a concentration greater than 10% have been found to be hypertonic, which may cause local irritation. At the same time, solutions containing beta-lactam antibiotics in a concentration of more than 20% begin to have not only a local irritant effect, but also antiseptic, disinfectant and cauterizing effects. The reason for this is excessive hypertonic activity. The fact is that solutions of highly concentrated antibiotics have excessively high hypertonic activity, which provides them with an excessively strong dehydrating effect. In turn, excessive dehydrating activity can cause denaturing activity of antibiotics when applied locally, including injections. Therefore, solutions containing antibiotics in concentrations greater than 20% can be used as antiseptics and disinfectants similar to hypertonic sodium chloride solutions. In addition, solutions containing antibiotics in concentrations greater than 20% can lead to the development of inflammatory infiltrates, necroses and abscesses at injection sites, similar to 5-10% sodium chloride solutions.

The effect of insect association on productivity of selected forest tree species in Sudan was investigated. The selected trees were Acacia senegal subsp. senegal (Hashab), Butyresperaum paradoxum (Shea tree), Faidherbia albida (Haraz), Moringa aleifera (Moringa), Prosopis chilensis (Mesquites) and Salvadora persica (Arak, Tooth brush tree). The biology, distribution in Sudan and the economic importance of these selected tree species were reviewed. The insect species associated with the tree and their seeds were identified and their effects were summarized. Beneficial effects were reported for A. senegal trees and specially on gum production. Other insects associated with other trees showed deleterious effect on the trees and their organs (leaves, seeds, and wood ... ete). The insects involved were: Agrilus nubeculosus ( Fairm) in A.senegal , Cirina butyrospermi, Anacridiam moestum var.melanorhodon, Ceratitis silvestrii, Pachmerus longus, Sinoxylon senegalense, caterpillars and locusts for Faidherbia albida, Eupterate mallifera for Moringa oleifera, Rhipibruchus allults and Crematogaster sp. For Prosopis chilensis and Lepidoptera Colotis ephiae and Eriophyes for Salvadora persica. The effect of each insect on the tree and its organs is summarized.

The Indian Penal Code, 1860, Section 405 addresses criminal breach of trust. In accordance with this Section, "Whoever, having been in any way entrusted with property or having any dominion over property, dishonestly misappropriates or converts to his own use that property, or dishonestly uses or disposes of that property in violation of any direction of law prescribing the manner in which such trust is to be discharged, or of any legal contract, express or implied, which he has made touching the discharge of such trust, or wilfully causes any other person Sections 415 to 420 of the Indian Penal Code, 1860 address cheating. In the majority of property offences, the defendant is only given possession of the Forgery is defined as the creation of a false document so that it may be used as a real document in Sections 463 and 464 of the Indian Criminal Code. The Code's Section 465 specifies the penalty for forgery. When someone who is not the owner or who is not authorised by the owner uses a mark that is identical to or confusingly similar to the owner's trademark, it constitutes trademark infringement under section 29(1) of the Trademark Act, 1999. Contrarily, counterfeit is defined as having been produced when the original items are imitated in order to give goods of lower quality, to trick consumers, and to damage the reputation of the original Trademark owner.

Cranberry fruit (Vaccinium macrocarpon) grows on evergreen shrubs that are native to North America. Cranberry is a term derived from the contraction of ‘‘crane berry.’’ This name is derived from the nickname of the bilberry flower, which, when it withers, is similar in appearance to the head and neck of the sand crane, a bird that often feeds on the berries of this plant. The cranberry is part of the Ericaceae family and naturally grows in acidic swamps full of peat moss in humid forests. Cranberries are composed of water (88%), organic acids (including salicylate), fructose, vitamin C (high levels, i.e., 200 mg/kg of fresh berries), flavonoids, anthocyanidins, catechins, and triterpinoids. The chemical constituents responsible for their taste are the iridoid glycosides. The anthocyanidins and proanthocyanidins (PAC) are tannins (stable polyphenols) found only in vaccinium berries and function as a natural plant defense system against microbes. Common preparations with cranberries include fresh, whole berries, gelatinized products, juices (usually 10-25% pure juice) and capsules. Pure juice is too acidic (pH, 2.5) and unpalatable, even with sweeteners .Despite cranberry presentation, it is generally recommended to consume cranberries just prior or two hours after meals; it is also important to drink lots of water, mainly after preparations from dehydrated juices. Cranberry juice, predominantly in the form of a juice cocktail drink with approximately 25% cranberry juice, has been the traditional choice of most women seeking to prevent Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs). American cranberry has a complex and rich phytochemical composition, particularlyflavan-3-ols, A-type procyanidins (PACs), anthocyanins, benzoic acid, and ursolic acid. Cranberryflavan-3-ols are present as monomers, oligomers, and polymers). These oligomers and polymers are also referred to as PACs or condensed tannins and representw85% of the total flavan-3-ols on a weight basis. Cranberry is the main source of peonidin among 100 foods commonly consumed in the United States. Quercetin 3-galactoside is the predominant form, but at least 11 other glycosides are present in lower concentrations. Some of these, such as quercetin-3-acetylrhamnoside are rare in berries. In the Phenol Explorer database, the flavonol content of plant foods is usually <3 mg/100 g FW, although bilberry, black-berry, and blueberry contain 3.2–17 mg/kg. Cranberry fruit is classed as a functional food due to the naturally high content of compounds, such as polyphenols, which are believed to have antioxidant and therefore health-promoting properties. Health benefits of cranberry consumption range from cardio protective effects due to improved cholesterol profiles to aiding digestive health. Cranberry exists in various forms, including the raw fruit (fresh and dried), cranberry juice and cranberry extract in capsule/tablet formulations. Cranberry extract could be a potential alternative to antibiotics to treat acute uncomplicated UTIs. Proanthocyanidin (PAC) with A-type linkages, or their metabolites, is believed to be the active ingredient in cranberry, preventing Escherichia coli (E. coli) from binding to the bladder uroepithelium and thereby reducing the ability of E. coli to cause and sustain a UTI. Cranberries have also been found to improve lipid profile, improve endothelial function, and lower several markers of cardio metabolic risk. Nowadays, growing evidence suggests an important role of cranberries in maintaining digestive health. In addition to the anti-inflammatory effects, cranberries may also influence intestinal barrier integrity, which is another essential element of intestinal health. Cranberry was reported as the main source of peonidin among 100 foods commonly consumed in the United States. However, in the majority of studies, the total anthocyanin content is re-ported rather than amounts of individual anthocyanins. This approach may change because the bioavailability and health effects of anthocyanins seem to be affected by the structures of the aglyconesor the glycosidicmoieties( .Quercetin 3-galactoside is the predominant form, but at least 11 other glycosides are present in lower concentrations. Some of these, such as quercetin-3-acetylrhamnoside are rare in berries. As shown in the Phenol Explorer database, the flavonol content of plant foods is usually <3 mg/100 g FW, although bilberry, black-berry, and blueberry contain 3.2–17 mg/kg.

The objective of this study was to inter-relate lentil likeness with glucose in urine. 92 subjects were included in this study. Glucose level in urine was measured by glucose test of urine. Outflow of glucose into the urine is called as glycosuria. Originally urine had no amount of glucose because kidney reabsorbs all of glucose that is filtered from tubular liquid. Lentils had all essential nutrients such as proteins, fibers, vitamins, and minerals. It is the best option for those that had to boost up their intake of protein. There were no males and females with urine glucose while 100% males and females had no glucose in urine, and they did not like lentils. 11.76% males and 3.84% females had glucose in urine and 88.24% males, and 96.15% females had no glucose in urine. Main conclusion of this study was that lentil likeness had no inter-relation with urine glucose.

Sulforaphane (SFP) is a naturally occurring isothiocyanate found in Brassica vegetables that acts as a chemopreventive agent, but its mechanism of action is unclear. This research aimed to study with quantum chemistry the interactions of sulforaphane vs. human amino acids. The Hyper Chem parameterized semi-empirical model number 3 (SE-PM3) was used to draw the corresponding molecules. We then selected SE-PM3. The geometry optimization was done with the Polak Ribiere method. It calculated the variables of HOMO-LUMO, Band gap (BG), Electrostatic Potential (EP), Electron transfer coefficient (ETC), and other properties. It is observed that the SFP interactions are very likely and related because they are at the bottom of the quantum well. SFP is an antioxidant substance for human amino acids. This thesis agrees with the theoretical and conceptual framework of this research. This SFP antioxidation was calculated with quantum chemistry, especially with the ETC theory.

Ethiopian mustard (Brassica carinata A. Braun) is among the oldest oil crops widely cultivated in Ethiopia. White rust (Albugo candida (Pers. ex. Hook) O. Kuntze) is one of the important major diseases of Ethiopian mustard in the highland areas of West Shewa, Ethiopia which is responsible for reducing the yield losses due to white rust on Ethiopian mustards estimated to be 8 – 60 %. Therefore, the aim of this study was carried out to assess the intensity of white rust and the reactions of Ethiopian mustard genotypes to white rust for their host resistance in West Shewa, during the main cropping season of 2021, in four districts viz. Dendi, Welmera, Jeldu, and Dire Incini of West Shewa zone, Ethiopia. The incidence and severity was assessed and recorded once during the survey on each farmer’s field and the suspected disease symptoms of white rust on Ethiopian mustard. The incidence of white rust varied from 40.8-100% and the severity index ranged from 4–50.13%. The results were revealed that the white rust was assessed in all the study fields in Dendi district, with prevalence of 100% and in Welmera, Jeldu, and Dire Incini districts, with a prevalence of 93.3, 86.6, and 80%, respectively. The white rust intensity among different agronomic practices, at different growth stages, cropping systems and the effects of weeding and plowing frequency showed the highest white rust incidence and severity was recorded in true leaves and at pod growth stages in which both were not significantly different from each other but significantly different from cotyledons. The maximum level of white rust incidence and severity was recorded at a high altitude level of 2413 m.a.s.l. in the study areas. The field experiment was conducted at Holleta Agricultural Research Centre, to evaluate 20 Ethiopian mustard genotypes for host resistance against white rust during the main cropping season of 2021/22. The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications of each treatment. The results under field conditions revealed that among 20 genotypes tested, two genotypes (S-67xHoletta-1-9/2/18/2/37/4/1 and Yellow dodola) were highly resistant, followed by 3 genotypes (Y.D.xBAR-1029/79-436/2002/9/2/15/1/28/1, S-67xHoletta-1-9/2/18/2/24/2, and S-67xHoletta-1-9/2/18/2/37/4) were resistant, five genotypes (S-67xHoletta-1-9/2/18/2/45/3, Y.D.xBAR-1030/79-436/2001/6/2/11/1/18/3, Y.D.xBAR1030/79-436/2001/6/2/11/1/18/2, S-67xHoletta-1-9/2/18/2/37/3 and S-67xHoletta-1-9/2/18/2/37/3) were moderately resistant, while the other 10 genotypes were susceptible. The least AUDPC value was recorded from S-67xHoletta-1-7/1/13/2/26/2. Overall, the present study concluded that S-67xHoletta-1-9/2/18/2/37/4/1 and Yellow dodola were highly resistant, which can be easily adopted by the farmers to control white rust in their cultivated fields. Therefore, the current study suggests that the prevalence of the pathogen and the reactions of tested lines that rescuer further evaluation of resistance across the locations.

Background: Jang et al (2020) mentioned that In recent years, the overall number of cirrhosis patients has decreased. Objective: Characteristics of patients with cirrhosis - A CASE AT Hanoi Medical University Hospital (HMUH) in 2022. Study design: Cross-sectional description. Results: Alcoholism had the highest amount of cases (50.5%). The second-highest cause was the hepatitis virus (HBV/HCV) (41.3%). Both NAFLD and auto-immune only had 2 case (1.8%). The remaining 5 patients (4.6%) have not identified the etiology of cirrhosis

CCl4 (3.00ml/kg body wt/day) given for 7 days causes acute hepatic steatosis with associated kidney necrosis. This hepato-steatosis model was used to study Abhrak Bhasma (AB) mediated (10, 20, 30 & 40mg) and drug control SiO2 (10, 20, 30 & 40mg) mediated turnover of phospholipids in liver and kidney and tracking its transfer through serum phospholipids content in male albino rat. Results indicated AB alone showed no change in normal rat phospholipids in liver, kidney and serum. In case of SiO2 dose 10, 20mg given alone non-significantly influenced the phospholipids content in liver and kidney. But 30 and 40mg doses increased transitory phospholipids level with low significance. Phospholipids content of liver were decreased significantly with CCl4 induced acute hepato-steatosis coupled with deplete in renal phospholipids and reflective transitory rise in serum. Minimum effective dose of AB to normalize the phospholipids levels for liver was 20mg, kidney 10mg and for serum it was 30mg. In SiO2 treated rats 10mg and 20mg doses showed trend of increased phospholipids in liver and kidney but high doses did not show this trend. Serum levels remained in mirror with the organ patterns and remained high over normal values. Results are compared and interpreted with AB and SiO2 protective potencies as appeared through phospholipid metabolism in liver and kidney. Serum phospholipids content indicate the transfer route in protective processes. The results also help to understand structural damage and protection of target organ liver, associated toxicated organ kidney in early phases of induced non-alcoholic fatty liver injury.

Perinatal asphyxia is one of the main causes of death in term newborns. Prevalence and mortality of asphyxia are still high. The determinant factors for birth asphyxia include Primi-parity, prolonged labour, foetal malpresentation, presence of meconium, preeclampsia, antepartum hemorrhage, gestational diabetes mellitus, premature rupture of membrane, post-term pregnancy, fetal distress, non-vertex presentation, cord entangled among many others. Therefore, the existing efforts of emergency obstetric and newborn care should be strengthened to prevent birth asphyxia from the complications of fetal mal-presentation, premature rupture of fetal membranes, meconium stained amniotic fluid and vacuum delivery. Early detection and intervention of high risk mothers should also be carried out by health care providers, and mothers should be monitored with partograph during labour.

Despite sustainable global scale-up of antiretroviral therapy, Adherence to therapy remains low. Less than half of those in HIV care in Uganda achieve 85% adherence to their ART medication required for clinically meaningful viral suppression, leaving them at higher risk of transmission. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence and factors associated with non-adherence to Anti- retroviral therapy among Adults attending the HIV/AIDS clinic at Kampala International University Teaching Hospital. A quantitative cross-sectional study employed simple random sampling among 300 adults obtaining anti- retroviral therapy at the HIV/AIDS clinic at Kampala International University Teaching Hospital. Majority 150(50.0%) were aged 18-35 years, 178(59.3) were females, 207(68.9%) were unemployed, many 131(43.8%) were catholic, many 107(35.7%) were of primary level of education, and lastly majority 175(58.3%) were married. The prevalence of non-adherence to anti-retroviral therapy at Kampala International University Teaching Hospital. was 19%. Period spent anti-retroviral treatment, and history of chronic illness was significantly related to adherence anti-retroviral therapy that is participants who spent ≥ 2 years on anti-retroviral treatment were 24.55 times more likely not to adhere to anti-retroviral therapy as compared to those who spent < 2 years on anti-retroviral treatment. While participants who had no history of chronic illness were 3 times more likely to not adhere to anti-retroviral therapy compared to those who had history of chronic illness. This study revealed the prevalence of non-adherence to Anti- retroviral therapy among Adults attending the HIV/AIDS clinic at Kampala International University Teaching Hospital. is relatively high. In addition, the odds of non-adherence to Anti- retroviral therapy increases with spending ≥ 2 years on anti-retroviral treatment as well as having no history of chronic illness.

Prostate cancer is the most common cancer and the second leading cause of cancer among men globally, prostate cancer usually grows very slowly. Prostate cancer is marked by uncontrolled growth of cells in the prostate gland. Prostate cancer diagnoses are made in symptomatic men. Prostate cancer should be suspected in men over 50 years old presenting with lower urinary tract symptoms, visible haematuria or erectile dysfunction. Genetic abnormalities can take part the disease, Men who have a first degree relative with prostate cancer have twice the risk of developing prostate cancer. Some medications also contribute the disease, there are some links between prostate cancer and medications, medical procedures and medical conditions.

Food, following oxygen and water, holds the third position in terms of importance for the survival of living beings. This highlights the significant role of eating in one's life. Ahara, which refers to food in Ayurveda, profoundly impacts both health and sickness. A proper and healthy diet can lead to enhanced well-being, while an unhealthy one can contribute to illness. Food provides sustenance, energy, beauty, and vitality (known as Oja) to living organisms. Ayurveda categorizes Ahara based on factors such as origin, effects, and manner of consumption. Like the pillars that support a building, diet consistently supports the body. A complete and nutritious diet or wholesome food is attributed to the growth of living beings, whereas unwholesome food is linked to the rise of diseases.